منابع مشابه
Why Have Organelles Retained Genomes?
Genes in mitochondria and chloroplasts are co-located with their gene products to permit regulation of trans-membrane electron transport at the energetic boundary of the cell.
متن کاملWhy are plastid genomes retained in non-photosynthetic organisms?
The evolution of the plastid from a photosynthetic bacterial endosymbiont involved a dramatic reduction in the complexity of the plastid genome, with many genes either discarded or transferred to the nucleus of the eukaryotic host. However, this evolutionary process has not gone to completion and a subset of genes remains in all plastids examined to date. The various hypotheses put forward to e...
متن کاملThe function of genomes in bioenergetic organelles.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are energy-transducing organelles of the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They originated as bacterial symbionts whose host cells acquired respiration from the precursor of the mitochondrion, and oxygenic photosynthesis from the precursor of the chloroplast. The host cells also acquired genetic information from their symbionts, eventually incorporating much of it int...
متن کاملMitochondrial genomes are retained by selective constraints on protein targeting.
Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles in eukaryotic cells considered to be of bacterial origin. The mitochondrial genome has evolved under selection for minimization of gene content, yet it is not known why not all mitochondrial genes have been transferred to the nuclear genome. Here, we predict that hydrophobic membrane proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genomes would be recognized b...
متن کاملWhy humans have sex.
Historically, the reasons people have sex have been assumed to be few in number and simple in nature-to reproduce, to experience pleasure, or to relieve sexual tension. Several theoretical perspectives suggest that motives for engaging in sexual intercourse may be larger in number and psychologically complex in nature. Study 1 used a nomination procedure that identified 237 expressed reasons fo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Trends in Genetics
سال: 1999
ISSN: 0168-9525
DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9525(99)01766-7